Hyperpigmentation describes patches of skin that have become darker than surrounding areas of skin. A common cause is excessive production of melanin in the skin. Certain medications may cause the body to produce more melanin, as can hormone changes. Excessive sun exposure can also cause an increase in melanin, resulting in hyperpigmentation. This condition can occur in small patches, cover large areas of skin, or even affect the entire body. While hyperpigmentation is not harmful, it can cause self-consciousness for those who live with it.

There are many different types of hyperpigmentation, though the most common ones include:

• Melasma: Is caused by hormonal changes and may develop in women during pregnancy.
• Sunspots: Also known as solar lentigines or liver spots.  Sunspots are caused from excess sun exposure and they develop over time.
• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation: This is caused by an injury or inflammation to the skin. Acne is a common cause of this form of hyperpigmentation.